russ

Table of Contents

Abbreviation

Comment:

An abbreviation can be used for all possible words e.g. "SShA"," a".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Abbreviation

Tags / Individuals:

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Adjective

Comment:

The Russian adjectives are divided into qualitative and relative adjectives (which mostly are scaled).
e.g. "sinij", "mashinnyj".

Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_grammar#Pronouns 10.10.06)

The function of an adjective in the sentence may be attributive or predicative.
(Pulkina 1984 "A short russian reference grammar", p.176)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Adjective

Tags / Individuals:

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Adverb

Comment:

These are adverbs.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Adverb

Tags / Individuals:

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AdverbialParticiple

Comment:

These are adverbial participles. The adverbial participle (also transgressive) is an infinite verbal form which is derived from a participle in some Baltic und Slavic languages. It expresses a coincidently proceeding or following action. (in according to http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbialpartizip 15. 12.06)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag

Tags / Individuals:

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AnimacyFeature

Comment:

Animacy introduces a sub-gender differentiation for Masculines in Accusative case. Hence, it is treated like a gender in E-EAGLES.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:GenderFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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AspectFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:AspectFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveDemonstrativePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive demonstrative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:DemonstrativePronoun
>= e-eagles:DemonstrativeDeterminer

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveGeneralPronoun

Comment:

These are attributive general pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:GeneralPronoun
>= e-eagles:Determiner

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveIndefinitePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive indefinite pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:IndefinitePronoun
>= e-eagles:IndefinitePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveInterrogativePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive interrogative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:InterrogativePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveNegativePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive negative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:NegativePronoun
>= e-eagles:Determiner

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveReflexivePossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive reflexive possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun
>= e-eagles:Determiner

Tags / Individuals:

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AttributiveRelativePronoun

Comment:

These are attributive relative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:RelativePronoun
>= e-eagles:Determiner

Tags / Individuals:

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CardinalNumeral

Comment:

These are numerals (cardinal numbers) which are written out with words.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral
>= e-eagles:CardinalNumber

Tags / Individuals:

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CaseFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:CaseFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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CollectiveCardinalNumeral

Comment:

These are collective numerals e.g. "dvoe". They discribe the plurarity, an amount of two or more members.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral

Tags / Individuals:

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ComplexAdverb

Comment:

This tag is used for words which build a complex adverb.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Adverb

Tags / Individuals:

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Conjunction

Comment:

This is the class of conjunctions with the subclasses disjunctive, coordinative and subordinative conjunctions.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other

Tags / Individuals:

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CoordinativeConjunction

Comment:

These are coordinative conjunctions, e.g. " i ", " a ".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Conjunction
>= e-eagles:CoordinatingConjunction

Tags / Individuals:

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DateDigit

Comment:

This is the date or numbers written digitally e.g. " 1921-1928", " 23.11", "s diametrom zerkala 2,4 metra".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other

Tags / Individuals:

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DeadjectivalAdverb

Comment:

These are deadjectivic adverbs ( e.g. "bystro"), that means they are derived from adjectives without an clear change of the meaning.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Adverb

Tags / Individuals:

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DegreeFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:DegreeFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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DemonstrativeCardinalNumeral

Comment:

These are cardinal numerals with a demonstrative reference e.g. "stolqko" ("so many").

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral
>= ( e-eagles:Quantifier & ( e-eagles:DemonstrativePronoun | e-eagles:DemonstrativeDeterminer ) )

Tags / Individuals:

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DemonstrativePronoun

Comment:

These are demonstrative pronouns e.g. "ehtom", "tom", "togo", "takix", "tot".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= ( e-eagles:DemonstrativePronoun | e-eagles:DemonstrativeDeterminer )

Tags / Individuals:

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DigitalCardinalNumeral

Comment:

These are numerals written with numbers e.g. "123456", "99."

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral
>= e-eagles:CardinalNumber

Tags / Individuals:

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DisjunctiveConjunction

Comment:

These are disjunctive conjunctions e.g. "chem", "tem".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Conjunction
>= e-eagles:CoordinatingConjunction

Tags / Individuals:

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FiniteVerb

Comment:

This is the class of finite verbs.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Verb
>= e-eagles:FiniteVerb

Tags / Individuals:

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FiniteVerbPast

Comment:

These are finite verbs in past tense.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:FiniteVerb

Tags / Individuals:

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FiniteVerbPresent

Comment:

These are finite verbs in present tense.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:FiniteVerb

Tags / Individuals:

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FormFeature

Comment:

The FormFeature means the long or the short inflection.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature

Tags / Individuals:

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GenderFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:GenderFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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GeneralPronoun

Comment:

These are general pronouns e.g. "vsju", "drugoj", "samyx", "sam", "ljubye", "drugie".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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GL-infinitive

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:InfinitiveVerb

Tags / Individuals:

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ImperativeVerb

Comment:

These are verbal forms in the imperative modus.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Verb
>= e-eagles:ImperativeVerb

Tags / Individuals:

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IndefiniteCardinalNumeral

Comment:

These are indefinite quantifier, e.g. "neskolqko", "mnogo". Their references are indefinite, that means the exact number is unknown but more than one. They are mostly begin with "ne-".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral
>= ( e-eagles:Quantifier & ( e-eagles:IndefinitePronoun | e-eagles:IndefiniteDeterminer ) )

Tags / Individuals:

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IndefinitePossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are indefinite possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun
>= russ:IndefinitePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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IndefinitePronoun

Comment:

These are indefinite pronouns. e.g. "vsego", "nekotorye", "nechto", "nibudq", "chego", "kakoj", "nekoe", "koe", "chto", "kakie".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= ( e-eagles:IndefinitePronoun | e-eagles:IndefiniteDeterminer )

Tags / Individuals:

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InfinitiveVerb

Comment:

These are infinite verbs.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Verb
>= e-eagles:Infinitive

Tags / Individuals:

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Interjection

Comment:

These are interjections. An interjection is a part of speech that usually has no grammatical connection to the rest of the sentence and simply expresses emotion on the part of the speaker. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interjections 15.12.06)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other
>= e-eagles:Interjection

Tags / Individuals:

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InterrogativePossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are interrogative possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun
>= russ:InterrogativePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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InterrogativePronoun

Comment:

These are interrogative pronouns e.g. "kakoj", "chto", "chem", "kto".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= ( e-eagles:InterrogativePronoun | e-eagles:InterrogativeDeterminer )

Tags / Individuals:

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KompDisj

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other

Tags / Individuals:

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MoodFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

Name

Comment:

These are names. Names are flectioned like substatives.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:ProperNoun

Tags / Individuals:

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NegativePronoun

Comment:

These are negative pronouns e.g. "nikogo", "nikakoj", "nikem". They mostly begin with "ni- ".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= ( e-eagles:Quantifier & e-eagles:IndefinitePronoun )

Tags / Individuals:

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NonderivedAdverb

Comment:

These are simple not deadjective-used adverbs, e.g. "segodn'a". That means these adverbs are not derived from qualitative adjectives.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Adverb

Tags / Individuals:

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Noun

Comment:

This is the class of nouns.
Nominal declension is subject to six cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and locative or prepositional), in two numbers (singular and plural), and obeying absolutely grammatical gender (masculine, feminine, and neuter). (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_grammar 10.10.06)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:CommonNoun

Tags / Individuals:

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NumberFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:NumberFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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Numeral

Comment:

These are different kinds of numerals.

Numerals words have to be declined in the same way like the following adjective and/ or noun.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag

Tags / Individuals:

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OrdinalNumeral

Comment:

These are ordinal numbers which are inflected like adjectives e.g. "des'atyj".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Numeral
>= e-eagles:OrdinalNumber

Tags / Individuals:

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Other

Comment:

This is a collective class for "little" wordforms.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Residual

Tags / Individuals:

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Participle

Comment:

The participle has properties from verbs and from adjectives.
There are four types of participle in Russian.
The partizip present aktive is formed from the uncomplete verbal form with the insertion of the suffixes -ющ-/-ущ- bzw. -ящ-/-ащ-.
The participle present passive is built by the insertion of -ем-/-им-/-ом-.
The participle past aktive is generated by the insertion of -вш-/-ш-.
The participle past passive is generated by the insertion of -нн-, bzw. -енн-/-ённ- oder -т-. This can also appear in a short form.
Participles are inflected in person, number, case and genus.
(in according to http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russische_Grammatik 15.12.06)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Participle

Tags / Individuals:

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Particle

Comment:

These are particles e.g. "vedq", "imenno", "ne", "vot", "prosto", "zhe", "i", "li".

R-tag CHAST
D-tag partikel

z.B. "vedq", "imenno", "ne", "vot", "prosto", "zhe", "i", "li"

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other

Tags / Individuals:

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Peregrin

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other

Tags / Individuals:

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PersonalPronoun

Comment:

These are personal pronouns.

When a preposition is used directly before a 3rd-person pronoun, н- is prefixed: у него, с неё, etc. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_grammar#Personal_pronouns 10.10.06)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:SubstitutiveNegativePronoun
>= e-eagles:PersonalPronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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PersonFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:PersonFeature

Tags / Individuals:

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PossessiveAdjective

Comment:

These are possessive adjectives e.g. "d'adin". They mostly appear in names with the ending " -ov".
It is not possible to build adverbs from a possessive adjective.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Adjective

Tags / Individuals:

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PossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= ( e-eagles:PossessivePronoun | e-eagles:PossessiveDeterminer )

Tags / Individuals:

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Predicative

Comment:

This is the predicative e.g. "nuzhno", "Vazhno". A predicative is a word class which is between an adverb and a verb. It looks like an adverb, but it is used like a verb. Mostly in cases of state description or statements about the weather.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other
>= ( e-eagles:Adverb & e-eagles:Verb )

Tags / Individuals:

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Preposition

Comment:

These are prepositions e.g. "ob", "v", "ot".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other
>= e-eagles:Preposition

Tags / Individuals:

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Pronoun

Comment:

These are pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

Punctuation

Comment:

These are punctuation marks.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Other
>= e-eagles:Punctuation

Tags / Individuals:

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ReciprocalPronoun

Comment:

These are reciprocal pronouns e.g. "drug", "druga", "drugom", "drugu".

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= e-eagles:ReciprocalPronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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ReflexivePossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are reflexive possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun
>= russ:ReflexivePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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ReflexivePronoun

Comment:

These are reflexive pronouns. "sebe", "sebja", "soboj", "soboju" (nothing else)

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= e-eagles:ReflexivePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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RelativePossessivePronoun

Comment:

These are relative possessive pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun
>= russ:RelativePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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RelativePronoun

Comment:

These are relative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Pronoun
>= e-eagles:RelativePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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SubordinativeConjunction

Comment:

These are subordinative conjunctions.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Conjunction
>= e-eagles:SubordinatingConjunction

Tags / Individuals:

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SubstitutiveDemonstrativePronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive demonstrative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:DemonstrativePronoun
>= e-eagles:DemonstrativePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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SubstitutiveGeneralPronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive general pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:GeneralPronoun

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

SubstitutiveIndefinitePronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive indefinite pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:IndefinitePronoun
>= e-eagles:IndefinitePronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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SubstitutiveInterrogativePronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive interrogative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:InterrogativePronoun
>= e-eagles:Pronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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SubstitutiveNegativePronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive negative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:NegativePronoun
>= e-eagles:Pronoun

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

SubstitutiveRelativePronoun

Comment:

These are substitutive relative pronouns.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:RelativePronoun
>= e-eagles:Pronoun

Tags / Individuals:

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Tag

Comment:

The tags and the explanations are taken from "Taganleitung RU".

Rule 3: The tagset follows the principle of economy. If it isn't possible to express a category in a given form (but with congruence,syntagmatic o.f.), it won't be marked. ("Taganleitung RU", Rule 3, p.5 )

Klassenhierarchie:

Tags / Individuals:

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TenseFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= e-eagles:TenseFeature

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

Verb

Comment:

This is the class of verbs.

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Tag
>= e-eagles:Verb

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

VoiceFeature

Comment:

Klassenhierarchie:

>= russ:Feature
>= ( e-eagles:VoiceFeature | e-eagles:ReflexivityFeature )

Tags / Individuals:

Table of Contents

governsCase

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasControlFeature

Domain:

>= ( russ:DemonstrativeCardinalNumeral | russ:IndefiniteCardinalNumeral | russ:CardinalNumeral )

Range:

governsNumber

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasControlFeature

Domain:

>= ( russ:DemonstrativeCardinalNumeral | russ:IndefiniteCardinalNumeral | russ:CardinalNumeral )

Range:

hasAnimacyFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature

Domain:

>= ( russ:RelativePronoun | russ:PossessivePronoun | russ:DemonstrativePronoun | russ:GeneralPronoun | russ:IndefinitePronoun | russ:InterrogativePronoun | russ:NegativePronoun | russ:CardinalNumeral | russ:OrdinalNumeral | russ:CollectiveCardinalNumeral | russ:Adjective | russ:Name | russ:Noun | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:AnimacyFeature

hasAspect

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasAspect

Domain:

>= ( russ:Verb | russ:AdverbialParticiple )

Range:

>= russ:AspectFeature

hasCase

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasCase

Domain:

>= ( russ:Adjective | russ:CollectiveCardinalNumeral | russ:DemonstrativeCardinalNumeral | russ:IndefiniteCardinalNumeral | russ:CardinalNumeral | russ:OrdinalNumeral | russ:Pronoun | russ:Preposition | russ:Name | russ:Noun | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:CaseFeature

hasControlFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

Domain:

Range:

hasDegree

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasDegree

Domain:

>= ( russ:Adjective | russ:ComplexAdverb | russ:NonderivedAdverb | russ:Adverb )

Range:

>= russ:DegreeFeature

hasFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

Domain:

Range:

hasFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

Domain:

Range:

>= russ:Feature

hasFormFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature

Domain:

>= ( russ:DemonstrativePronoun | russ:InterrogativePronoun | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:FormFeature

hasGender

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasGender

Domain:

>= ( russ:Adjective | russ:CardinalNumeral | russ:OrdinalNumeral | russ:DemonstrativePronoun | russ:GeneralPronoun | russ:IndefinitePronoun | russ:InterrogativePronoun | russ:NegativePronoun | russ:PossessivePronoun | russ:RelativePronoun | russ:FiniteVerb | russ:PersonalPronoun | russ:Name | russ:Noun | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:GenderFeature

hasInherentFeature

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

Domain:

Range:

hasInherentFeature

Comment:

keine Kontrolleigenschaft, Eigenschaften durch Referenz, Verweis

Property-Hierarchie:

Domain:

Range:

hasInherentGenus

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasInherentFeature

Domain:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun

Range:

hasInherentNumber

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasInherentFeature

Domain:

>= russ:PossessivePronoun

Range:

hasMood

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature

Domain:

>= ( russ:FiniteVerb | russ:ImperativeVerb )

Range:

>= russ:MoodFeature

hasNumber

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasNumber

Domain:

>= ( russ:Adjective | russ:DemonstrativeCardinalNumeral | russ:CardinalNumeral | russ:OrdinalNumeral | russ:DemonstrativePronoun | russ:GeneralPronoun | russ:IndefinitePronoun | russ:InterrogativePronoun | russ:NegativePronoun | russ:PersonalPronoun | russ:PossessivePronoun | russ:RelativePronoun | russ:FiniteVerb | russ:ImperativeVerb | russ:Name | russ:Noun | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:NumberFeature

hasPerson

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasPerson

Domain:

>= ( russ:PersonalPronoun | russ:PossessivePronoun | russ:FiniteVerb | russ:ImperativeVerb )

Range:

>= russ:PersonFeature

hasTense

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasTense

Domain:

>= ( russ:FiniteVerb | russ:AdverbialParticiple | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:TenseFeature

hasVoice

Comment:

Property-Hierarchie:

>= russ:hasFeature
>= e-eagles:hasVoice

Domain:

>= ( russ:Verb | russ:AdverbialParticiple | russ:Participle )

Range:

>= russ:VoiceFeature